Type-writing machine.



L. s. .BURRIDGE. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 30, 1901.

Patentd Feb. 9, 1909.

7 SHEETS- SHEET 1.

H15 ATTL'JRNEY L; s, BURRIDGB. I TYPE WRITING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN.30, 1901 Patnted Feb. 9, 1909;

'l SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTBRNEY' L. S. BURRIDGE.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

' APPLIOATION FILED JAN-.30, 1901.

911,64c4, Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

\MTNEESEEB I |NVENTE|R WW7? 17 W 1-115 ATTURNEY "L. s. BURRI DGE TYPB'WRITING mourns. APPLICATION FILED JAIL 30, 1901.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

(I IT T o T i c b q i o to z 0| b lo 0 I o 0 l 5 Jo 0 a 0 Q y (1 5 c 5 i 5 (L c v c n o I WITNESEJES: lmvamcua HIE ATTORNEY L. s. BURRIDGE. I TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

7 APPLICATION I IL BD JAN. 30, 1901.

Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

'! SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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\A/ITNEEEEE. INVENTEIR= j H15 AT URNEY L. 's. BURRIDGBQ TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

' INVENTEIR= [91 J M iWTNEESl-Ii 6M Hi5 TTEIRNEY GMW Aka/0W Patented Feb. 9, 1909.

7 SHEETS-SHEET 7. v

HEATTURNEY INVENTDR I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEE S. BURRIDGE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB TO UNION TYPEWRITER COMPANY, OF

I JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented net. 9, 1909.

Application filed. January 30, 1901. Serial Elm 45,318.

T0, all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, LEE S. BURRIDGE, citizen of theUnited States, and resident, of the borough of Manhattan, in the city of New York, in the county of New York and fitate of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in, Type- Writing Machines, of which the following is'a specification.

1 writing machines.

. is a vertical section taken longitudinally. of

' The object of the invention is to produce a full keyboard, front strikewriting ma-. chine, of simple construction and 1nexpen-- sive to manufacture.

The invention includes a novel arrangement, whereby a large number of'typ e-bars 'may be mounted in a small space, this fea-' ture being of special importance .in con structing a full keyboard front strike or other visible writing machine having-eighty. or more type bars, which should occupy less.

than half a circle. I

The invention also includes novel adjustable pivots for the type bars and novel. connections from the latter to the keys.

'My invention consists in certain features of construction, combinations of devices and' arrangements of parts,'al.l as will be, fully hereinafter set forthand particularly pointed out in the concluding claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 a full keyboard, front strike-writing machine, made in accordance with my invention. Flg'. 2 1s a diagram illustrating the' relative arrangement of the platen and the type bar pivots. Fig. 3 is a front sectional elevation-taken forwardlyof the type bars I and in rear of the keys, on aboutthe line X X of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a front secti0nal. elevation,taken th'roughthe type bars and key levers at about the line Y Y of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic plan View of the key lever system. Fig. 6 is an" enlarged:

fragmentary plan view .'of a central portion of the type system, showing a single group or nest of type bars 'and their supports. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one form of type bar having an integral operating arm.- Fig.'8 is a fragmentary perspective view of the hub. end of one form of type barshowing the operating arm thereof separated from the main. portion..' Fig. 9 is a plan" view of a nest of type bars of the preferred This invention relates to type actions of form. Fig. 10' is a fragmentary plan of a modified multiplex hanger. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of one of the type bars shown at Fig. 9. Fig. 12 is a side view of a hanger arm. Fig. 13 is a sectional elevation similar to Fig. 1, but showing-the typebar actions "at the left-hand side of the machine.

In the several views, portlons are omitted or broken away for the sake of more clearly disclosing the invention, and similar parts are designated by similarnur'nerals of reference.

The framework of the machine comprises siole plates having base portions 1, upwardly extending standards or posts 2, .upon which is supported a top plate 3, said' plates being connected by a'front bar 4; and rear plate 5,

suitable carriage 11 the latter having an escapement rack 12, 1n which work the usual feeding and detent dogs 13 and '14, carried upona rocker 15 which is mounted upon a horizontal rock shaft 16, the shaft having oppositely arranged operating arms 17 from which is suspended by links 18 a horizontal transverse universal bar 19.

The type bar system comprises preferably twelve substantially similar groups of seven bars each, the bars in each group lying side by side and overlapping and being rigidly 1 secured upon rows of transverse parallel pivots 20, the pivots in each row being arranged at such intervals as to cause a proper separation of the types 21 at the ends of the;

bars. .The'types in each group lie in a row that extends longitudinally of the type bars and transversely of the entire system of types, so that said system is made up of a series of twelve rows, the bars in each row being parallel or substantially. parallel. It will be seen from an inspection of 3 that if a series of lines are drawn from the types 21 to the printing point, these lines. 1

will indicate radial planes each of which cuts the printing point and the types" 21 of a group of bars. The pivot s 20, which extend at right angles to the type bars. are of .such length as to project at each side beyond the type bar groups, thus giving wide arranged in a tion of the type bars in radial bearings for the bars. The type bars in each group swing in parallel planes, while the bars in different groups swing in difi'erent angular planes, owing to the arrangement of the groups in whose radius is of a type bar from pivot to type, as illustrated at Figs. "1 and 2. At the latter figure, it will be observed that if all the type bars in a group could be simultaneously in printing position, their pivotal ends would fan out centric to the printing point.

tion relatively to the printing type bars at the center of theentire system standing about vertically when in printin position, and those upon either side thereof standing at gradually increasing lnelinations, until at the extreme ri ht and left hand sides of the system the are stand in nearly horizontal positions when printing. here is one type only on each bar and the types of each group of type bars are all straight line one'behind the other longitudinally and midway of the group, the outer ends of the type bars bemg bent inwardly towards each other from opposite sidesof the median line of the group so as to bring all of the types in said line, and which line in each group is in a plane radial of the printing point. Owing to their long pivots, the type bars at all parts of the system are enabled to vibrate freely and to strike the printing point with accuracy; while owing to the novel disposigroups or nests, a large number of bars may be assethblecl in a comparatively small space, so that the types may lie within easy striking distance from the platen.

Preferably each type bar is divided longitudinally or made in loop form, as illustrated at Figs. 9 and '11, the sides of the loop being indicated as 9 and the forward ends thereof being bent inwardly at 9 and provided at their meeting points with a socket 23 for receiving the shank of the type. The inner or rear type bar may be made either in loop form, as.' illustrated at Fig. 9, or in the undivided form illustrated at' Fig. 6. The other type bars in the group have loops of gradually increasing width, so that the type bars may nest or lie one within anothe in the modification shown at Fig. 6. the tvpebar arms are plain'oru'ndivided. being arranged three on each side of the central type bar,- their extreme forward ends being curved or otherwise bent inwardly at arc whose center and occupy an arc con- Each group of type bars occupies a different radial pos1-' center, the- .bar 26,

emcee 9, so that the type sockets23 may lie in a row or line; but the construction shown at Figs. 9, and 11 forms a stilt'er bar without unduly increasing the weight thereof, the bending stress occurring at the impact of the type being borne evenly by the two sides 9 of the loop, and there being little or no torsional stress thereon.

-From the foregoing description, it will. be understood that the pivots of the various type-bars are arranged in a plurality of vertical parallel planes that extend transversely of the machine and that the various types are likewise arranged in a plurality of vertical parallel planes that extend transversely of the machine and which are parallel and equal in number to the planes in which'the pivots of the type-bars are situated.

The'type ends of'the bars in eachgroup rest upon a cushion 24, which is made in sleeve form and slips over the free end of a forwardly projecting arm 25, whose rear end is shaped to fit upon a curved plate or the latter being secured by cars 28 and screws 27 to the underside of the top plate, and thearms 25, of which there is one for each type nest, being secured to the plate 26 by screws 29.

The'pivots 20 are coned or pointed at each end at 30, and have opposite bearings in parallel hangers or bars 31, which extend horizontally between segments 32 and 33, the latter being' secured by cars 34 and screws 35 to the top plate 3, and curving concentrically with the type system, and the former being iirtlie form of a vertical plate ha ring a horizontal upper edge and forming preferably a part of the general framework of the machine. The bars 31 have opposite heads 36, which abut against the opposing faces of the segments 32 and 33, and are secured thereto by screws 37, which pass through holes in the segments and are tapped into the heads 36, dowel pins 38 being also provided to insure accurate positioning. The segments 33 and 32, taken together with the cross bars 31, form a rigid grating so that there is no liability of the hangers becon'iing displaced or the type bars'deranged, with resulting irregularity of type impressions. The right-hand coned end of each pivot [its in a shallow conical depression or bearing 39, Fig. 12, formed iii the side of the bar or hanger 31, while its left-hand coned end tits in a conical depression formed in the end of a bushing or bearing block 40, which is seated in a hole or perforation 41 in the op posits hunger 81. The bushing may be moved longitudinally or axially within the hole, and hence ad j usted closely to the pivot, whereby the latter is firmiy supported and also enabled to work freely. After their adiustment the bushings 40 are secured in position by set screws 40, tapped into the upper'edge or face of the hanger 31.' Upon releasing the bushing andpushng it to the left, the type bar may be Withdrawn. The perforations 41 for the bushings alternate with the conical depressions 39, the latter being formed, how-ever, only upon one side of each fixed bar 31. a I v In the construction shown at Fig. 10, each group or nest of type bars is supported wholly by an integral four-sided frame, the heads 36 whereof are secured to the segments 32'and 23, and the sides whereof are provided with bearings for the type bars. The

tw'ospiece multiplex hanger, illustrated at Fig. 6,-is, however, preferred, since the arms thereof are separable and sinceeach arm contains bearings for two adjoining nests of type bars, thus simplifying the construction and reducing the cost of manufacture. It will be perceived at Fig 6 that each arm which is interposed between type bar groups has bearings for the bars in both groups.

arm of the outer or forward type bar being i upon the right side'thereof, thatof the next rear orinner type bar upon the left thereof,

and so on, so that the same arms are given a sta gering arangement, wherebyfroom 1S affor ed for the attachment of the links 8.

For the same purpose the undivided tvpe bars shown at Figs. 6 and 8' may-have offset operating arms, as required. In :both constructions the operating arms are arranged (line in rear of or behind-another, asseen at -Referring particularly to Fig. 1, which illustrates the central nest of type bars, it will be seen that the links 8 extend forwardly at'a downward inclination fromthe'type bars, and are pivotally attached by screws 44 to the tips of the upwardly and rearwardly extending arms of the bell cranks. 7 each link 8 being substantiallyin Iinewith the. arm of the bellcrank or sub-lever to which it is connected. Each of said links 8 comprising a hook-like rear end for engaginga hole 43 in the type-bar operating arm, and a plate-like forward end 8 for pivoting upon the screw 44. The seven bell cranks for this group of type bars are divided into three groups, the forward group, which com-.

prises three bell cranks, being connected to the three forward type bars, the second group of two bellcranks being arranged rearwardlyof and. a little lower than the met group and being connected to the next two type bars, and the third group'of two bell cranks being arranged in rear of and lower than the second group and'connected to the two rear type'bars. The links 8 may .either lie in parallelism or separate at their rear or forward ends, as required. The links and bell cranks in'the second set underlie to some extent those in the-first set, and those in, the rear set underlie those in the second set, sov that suflicient room is afforded for the movements vof the several devices, and

also so that the links in-eit'her set may be.

conducted in any required direction from the bell cranks to the type bar operatingarms 42.

The bell cranks 7 are pivoted by means 'of wide hubs 45 upon three transverse hori-' zontal fulcrum rods 46, which at their ends are secured by set screws +17 insocketsformed upon opposite vertical'plates 48, arranged atthe sides of the machine and secured by-screws 49 to the. side walls 1 of the base, said 'hubs'45 being preferably of equal size and of sufficient width to properly space the bell cranks along the fulcrum rods, the latter being arranged one behind and slightly below another and hence in different horizontal and vertical planes, so that the bell cranks are arranged in different tiers,

in one tier being respectively behind and below similar arms in another tier.

The key levers 6 are connected to the forwardly extending bell crank arms by means of upwardly extending ears 50, whose upper ends are perforated at- 51 to engage pins 52 projecting laterally from the bell cranks,

the perforations 51 being in the form of horizontal slots, so as to accommodate the forward and rearward movements of tl-e pins 52du'e to the swinging of the bell cranks upon theirpivots. The ears 50 terminatev at different heights and are arran ed at diflerent points longitudinally of the ey levers, according to the vertical and horizontal positions of'the bell cranks with which they engage. The. key levers dip or are bowed downwardly at. 6* to pass beneath the bell-brank system, and are pivoted at their rearends upon three fulcrum bars, 53, which extend one behind another horizontally across the machine'and are fixed at their opposite ends to the side plates 1, the levers being notched at their rear ends to engage the lower edges ofthe fulcrum the upwardly andforwardly extending arms bars, and-the latter beingvertically slotted:

at 54 to form guides for the levers. Com: presslon springs 55, which bear up against.

tl-e under sides of the levers forwardly of theirfu'lcrums, are arranged in vertical perforations 56 formed in a fixed transverse bar 57. said perforations being tapped-t0 receive screws 58, which pass upwardly thereinto and form adjustable supports for the springs ing bar or plate 57 55, so that the tension of the latter may be adjusted to meet the requirements of each key lever and type bar. The upper ends of the screws may be provided with stems 59 for guiding the coiled springs 55. Secured to the forward edge of the spring supportis a key lever guide comb 60. The forward ends of the levers, which .are provided with keys 61, are guided in a 1 bank of keys 61, and accordingly the keys in said bank are fixed upon rearwardly inclined stems G6, which have forwardly projecting toes 67, guided by the comb 62 and normally resting against the pad 65' under the tension of the spring 55.

By the provision'of a guide comb with a detachable member such as 64 I am enabled to place in the comb key levers of the character shown, which levers could not be placed in the comb if the parts were rigidly connected on account of the projections 50 situated at one side and the key heads at the other side of'the comb.

The forward type bars are connected by the forward bell cranks to levers pivoted upon the forward fulcrum bar 53 and having keys in the rear banks at the keyboard, these key lever's hence being the shortest in tire system. The rear type bars are connected by the rear bell cranks to the longest key levers, which terminate at the front portion of the keyboard and are pivoted upon the rear fulcrum bar 53; while the inter mediate-bell cranks connect the intermediate type bars to the key levers of medium length, which extend to the middle banks of the keyboard and are pivoted upon the middle fulcrum bar The forwardly extending;-

arms of'the bell cranks may be of variouslengths' as required, and the ears 50 placed at corresponding points longitudinally of the key levers in order to secure uniform key movements. The bell cranks at the center of the system are the shortest and of the most obtuse formation, the remaining bell cranks being longer and more acute or having more nearlyierect type operating arms, according to their distance from the center of the system; Sleeves 68 are placed upon the ends of. the rods 46, to prevent sidewise displacement of the several sets of bell cranks.

As may be seen at Fig. 1, the bell cranks or an le lever'which are arranged at the central portion of the machine and directly beneath the lowermost type bars, where -the machine, morc space is lengthened so as to there is but little room between the key levers and the type bars, are considerably inclined, whereby their height is somewhat reduced, and whereby they are also given a better initial purchase upon the type bars at the center of the system, which are the most affected by gravity. That is to say, each of said bell cranks or sub-levers 7 has a rearwardly directed arm which is arranged end to end with its associated link 8 and substantially in line therewith so that together they form a toggle connection for accelerating the type bar. This construction is such that it affords an easy action at the initial portion ofthe key stroke by the breaking of the toggle from a substantially straight-line pc sition, and thus causing the type bar to be accelerated during its entire travel to the printing point. As the type bar system curves upwardly from the central portion of 85 gained between the type bars and key "levers, and hence the upright arms of the bell cranks may stand more erect, and these arms may be gradually bring up the forward ends of the links 8 and avoiding undue inclination thereof. The forwardly extending arms of the bell cranks may also be proportionately lengthened and the ears 50 placed at correspondingly advanced positions upon the key levers. Said ears are arranged at varying distances from the key lever fulcrum, corresponding to the positions and lengths'of thehorizontalarms of the bell cranks, as illustrated in the diagram at Fig. 5. Inall cases the forward movement of the front ends of the links 8 is substantially the same, and the bell crank arms are given such proportions and the key lever ears are so positioned as to secure substan- 105 tially uniform key depressions.

The extreme ends of the type bar system curve rapidly upward, leaving a great space between the type bars and the key levers; but in order to avoid the use of unduly lengthened bell cranks, which would necessarily encroach upon the room required for the'keyboard, I provide at each side of the machine a set of three auxiliary bell crank fulcrum rods 69, the outer ends whereof are secured by means of set screws 70 in perforations formed in the upper part of the bracket 48. These auxiliary fulcrum rods have a-similar arrangement to that. of the main rods 46; that is the second rod is arranged behind and lower than the first, and the third behind and lower than the second, whereby the same advantages are secured as already referred to in connection with the arrangement of the main rods. The bell cranks mounted upon these short rods (39 are connected to the associatedkey lever cars 50 by means of vertical links 71.

The entire system of type bar links 8 fans or spreads outwardly from the type bar opcrating arms, and hence the width of-the entire system of links is considerably in excess of the width. of thetype bar system. The width of the key lever system is, however,

substantially equal to that of the bell crank transmitted directly from the keys through the bell cranks and links to the type bars, and lateral strains bein avoided, whereby free and light action 0 the mechanism is/ insured. Some of the extreme right and left-hand bell cranks may have inwardly bent type operating arms, as illustrated at Fig. 3, so that the links 8 connected thereto may lie more nearly parallel with the planes of vibration of said bell cranks, thus avoid-- ing liability of undue lateral stress upon the latter.

The li k 1 8, whic s pen -the. n rsa bar 19, are guided at their lower portions in cutaways informed in angle brackets 73.

which are secured by screws 74 upon a fixed transverse bar 75. Each key lever is provided upon its bottom edge with a rounded projection 76, for actuating the universal bar, said projections being so' arranged with respect to the fulcrnn s of their leversas to always move the universal bar threugh equal distances, thereby securing uniform motions of the dog rocker. 1 5, which is a desideratum n h class of achines Said iii-ej ction 7 6 extendin threerows across the system of key levers, those in the forward row being formed upon levers which are pivoted upon the forward fulcrum rod 53, those the middle row upon those levers pivoted upon the middle fulcrum rod, and those in the rearrow upon those levers pivoted upon the rear fulcrum rod. The universal bar, which is of sulficient breadth to be operatedby any projection 7 6., is so guided by the-device 7 2 that it moves in substantial parallelism, so that its upper or working surface remains constantly horizontal and its" downward movement is the same in all cases.

In operatiom-a key 61 is depressed, and by means of its lever 6 the bell crank connected to the ear 50 thereon is vibrated. and through the link .8 and arm 42 the-.typebar is swung upwardlyand rearwardly to print. -At'the same time the universal bar is de ressed by h p is .6 up n. t ey e e and through the rods 18 and armed? the dog a rocker is vibrated. Upon the'release of the key, the parts connected thereto ,are returned to; normal position by the springs 55, and

the dogrocker is also returned by a spring 77, permitting the usual advance movement ofthe carriage under the tension of a drivingspring '(not shown). v

'From the foregoing description it will be understood that although the diiferent key actuated levers 6 have difie'rent angular movements the variation of contact between "said key levers and the universal bar at differentpoints widthwise of the bar and at di-lferent points from the front of the machine results in a construction wherein means are provided for equalizing the movements imparted to the universal bar by the different key actuated levers and for causing the universal bar to be taken up or the movement thereof to be started with a uniform extent of depression of the difierent keys, so that the escapement will be actuated. alike by the different keys andthe touch on the different keys will be uniform.

Very many changes may be made in details of construction in'adapting the invention to various styles of machines, and portions thereof may be used without others.

What I claim as new and esire to secure by Letters Patent, is

. 1.- In atypewriting machine, the combine,

eona p a en and a p urality sf yr b s arranged 1n a radial group and lying side side and pivoted to vibrate in parallelism, their types being substantially equidistant from their pivots.

- 2. 'Inatypewnting machine, the combina tion with a platen, of a type bar system consisting of a plurality of radial. groups of pivoted type bars having substantially a segmental arrangement, the type bars in each sr urr br ting in P r l m, a d the a ral sreurs o cupying d f e angul r r sitionstion with a platen, of a type bar system consisting of a plurality of radially arranged groups of pivoted type bars, the type bars in each group vibrating in parallelism, .and their types being substantially equidistant from their pivots, the types in each group lyingin a row which extends longitudinally of the type bars.

4. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality of type bars arranged side by side and mounted upon parallel pivot wires, their types being a radial groups of type bars, the

equidistant from their pivots.

5. I a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a plurality of are in each group being mounted upon pivot wires which are parallel one to another and extend at ig ang -t0 e ype rs, he yr up n said bars being arranged in a row longitude nally thereof and beingsubstantially equidistant from the pivots of said bars.

6.111 a typewriting machine, the coin- 3. In a typewriting machine, the combina-.

arranged and the bination with a platen, of a tvpe'system comprising a curved series of-rotvs of types and a curved system of bar groups upon which v said types are carried, each row'of types extending longitudinally ot'its bar group.

7. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of radially arranged groups of nested type bars, the'type bars of each group extending beyond one another towards or from the front of the machine, and each type bar being mounted upon a transverse pivot which extends laterally beyond the nested typebars of its group and which is provided at its ends with suitable bearings.

8. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, ofa series of nests of type bars,having substantially a segmental arrangement, each type bar being-mounted upon a transverse pivot which extends at both ends beyond the nest and is provided at its ends with suitable bearings, all the pivots .in each group being parallel, and the types being substantially equidistant from the pivots.

f 9. In a typewriting machine, the combination With a platen, of a seriesof groups of pivoted type bars, the pivots for each'group of'type bars 1 ing in an are that extends fore and aft 0 the machine and whose center is the printing point and whose radius is equal to the length of the type bar from pivot to type.

10. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of-a'series of groups of pivoted typebars, the groups being radially type ,bars in each group vibrating in substantial parallelism on parallel. axes but angularly tothe type bars in other groups, and the types on said bars being situated at a substantially uniform distance from the pivots thereof.

11. In a type'writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a type system comprismg a series of rows of types, radially and segmentally disposed arranged in a curved series that extends transversely of the length of the bars and each row of types extending longitudinally and centrally of its group of type bars, and means for moving each of said bars inde pendently.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a group of type bars lying side y side and having their ends bent laterally so as to bring the types thereon into a longitudinal row within the group, said type bars being so pivoted asto vibrate in substantial parallelism and having their types substantially equidistant from their pivots.

13. In atypewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of segmentally arranged groups of type bars that. extend groups of bars upon which said types are carried, the types being wardly and rearwardly to print, the type bars of each group lying side by side and. being mounted upon parallel pivotal axes, and one or more of the bars of each group having ends bent towards each other from opposite sides of the group so that the types upon the bars lie in a row extending longitudinally of-the bars.

14. In a typewriting machine, the con'lbintr tion with a platen, of a curved series of type bar nests, each nest comprising a central bar and a plurality of bars disposed at the sides of said central bar, said side bars having ends bent inwardly from opposite sides towards said central bar so that all the types upon. the bars may lie in a row extending longitudinally of the bars.

15. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of radially arranged nests of type bars. each nest comprising-a centrally arranged type bar and one or more type bars'of loop form confining said centrally .arrai'iged type bar and the-type bars of each nest extending beyond one another towards or from the front of the machine, and the types of all of the bars being arranged in line with the type of the central bar.

16. In a typewriting machine, the combt nation with a platen, of a series of radially arranged adjacent groups oi. nested loopt'orm type bars that extend fore and all: oi the machine and strike upwardly and rear \vardly to print, the type bars oi. each group being substantially parallel, said. nests be ing angularly disposed with respect to our. another.

. 17. In a typewriting machine, the coral nation with a platen, of a. series of radially 1 arranged nests of looped type bars, the bars in each nest vibrating in substannal parallelism and being substantially equal in length from type to pivot.

18. In atypcwriting l]]flCl1]11C,'tlJG combi nation of a series of adJacent radially and sogmentally arranged groups of type bare, the type ends of each group lying in a row extending fore and aft of the machine, and a series or cushions for the type ends of the bars, one cushion foreach grou 19. In a typcwriting machine, the combination with a series of adjacent radially arranged groups of type bars, of plate :56, a. series of arms 25 thereon, and cushions 34 upon said arms.

20. in a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a plurality oi. typebars lying side by side and pivo ed to vibrate in parallelism, their types being substantially equidistant from their pivots, and arranged centrally and longitudinally of the set of type bars, and a single support or hunger for said type bars.

21. In a typewriting machine, the combigroup being pivoted in their hanger so. as to vibrate in parallelism, and the types being allarranged to be cut by a radial plane that contains the printingpoint.

22. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation with aplaten, of a series of radially arranged nests of type bars, and series of hangers, one hanger for each nestftheltype bar. pivots of each nest'being parallel and at 1 different distances from the front'ofthe ma chine and each type bar having a pivot that extends transversely of the machine and is supported upon a hanger, the pivot ends of the type bars being confined between the arms of the hangers, and the length of the pivots being greaterthan the width of a nest.

23. In a typewriting machine, a'multiplex type bar hanger having parallel arms arranged longitudinally of the machine and opposite hearings in said arms for a group of-type bars, the axes of the bearings being parallel and transverse of the group and arranged in a curve which is concentric with the printing point.

24:. In a typewritin' machine, a multiplex type bar hanger having parallel arms arranged longitudin allyvof the machine, said arms having opposite bearings for a group of type bar pivots, the axes of the bearings being parallel and transverse of the group and arranged in a curve which is concentric with the printing point, and said arms also having bearings for an adjoining group of type bar pivots.

In a typewritii'ig machine, a multiplex type barv hanger comprising separable parallelarms, each of said arms having a plu rality of pivotal hearings in its inner. face and a pluralitywif pivotal bearings in its outer face, the bearings in the inner faces of said arms being adapted to support a plurali y of type here between said arms and the hearings in the outer face of each of said arms being arranged to enact with a like number of bearings in an adjacent arm forming part of another hanger.

26. In a typewriting machine, a series of type bars a'rranged radially of a common printing center, and a series of detachable supports interposed between the type bars and each having a bearing for the type bars between which it is interposed.

27. In a typewriting machine, a series of radially arranged groups of type bars and a series of fixed bars interposed between'the groups of type bars, each fixed bar having bearings for the groups of type bars between which it is interposed.

28. In a typewriting machine, the combination ofa pair of segments supported upon the framework, a series of independent-hangers extending between and secured by their ends to said segments, and type bars pivoted in said hangers.

- 29. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a pair ofsegments supported upon "the framework, a series of hangers each comprising separablearins o1: sides, which extend between and are secured by their ends to said segments, and type bars pivoted upon said hangers. 30. In'a typewriting machine, the combination yvith a platen, of a pair of segments supported upon the framework, a series of hangers, extending between and secured by their ends to said segments, and a group of type bars mounted upon each hanger by parallel pivots.

31. In a front-strike typewriting machine, the combinationof a series of segmentally arranged hanger bars that extend fore and aft of the machine, each bar having a series of type bar pivot bearings arranged along the length thereof, and certain of said bearings comprising bearing blocks that are mounted for movement longitudinally of the axes of the pivots of the associated type bars; screws that are received in tapped openings in said hanger-bars and bear against the bearing blocks to retain them in. their adjusted positions. the-heads of the 7 screws extending upwardly into the basket so that access may be readily gained there- 'to; and type bars hav ng pivots received 1n said bearings.

32. In a front-strike typewritin'g-machine, the combination ofa series of segmentally arranged hanger bars that extend fore and aft of the machine, each bar having a series bf'type bar pivot hearings in the sides-and arran ed along the length thereof, certain of said bearings comprising bearing blocks that are mounted for movement longitudi- -nally of the axes of the pivots of the associated type bars; screws that are received in tapped openings 1n said hanger-bars and bear against the bearing blocks to retain them in their adjusted positions, the heads of the screws extending upwardly in the basket so that access may be readily gained thereto from the front of the machine; and type bars having pivots received in said bearings, a group of such type barsbeing received between adjacent hanger-bars, the spaces between ad acent groups-of type bars atl'ordingunobstructed passages which give access to said screws.

3,3. In a front strike typewrit-ing machine,

the combination with a platen, of a series of segmentally, and radially arranged type bars pivoted at theirrear ends so as to vibrate rearwardly to the printing pointin difierent planes, each of said type bars beino; in loop form so as to bring the types of all nation with a platen, of type bars that are the printing point, and a of the bars in a line radially of the printing point and havingat of the loop.

34. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of groups of radially arranged rearwardly striking type bars having operating arms ends, the operating arms in each group havin a staggering arrangement and some of the arms of each group being off-set from their bars, so that some of the arms will each vibrate in the plane of movement of the associated bar whereas other arms will each vibrate in a plane parallel to the plane of movement of the associated bar.

35. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a platen,-of a series of radially disposed groups of nested type bars of loop 20 "the framework,

form pivoted upon hangers supported upon and means towhich access may be gained at all times Without disturbing the adjacent type bars or their bearings for readily effecting a detachment ofeach 'of the type bars from its hanger.

36. In a typewriting machine, the combiof a series of groups arranged radially of the printing point, the types in each group being arranged in a single line'that extends fore and aft of the machine and radially of series of hangers, the type-bars in each group having parallel pivots which are detac hably assembled 'upon a single hanger.

37. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a seriescof rearwardly striking pivoted type bars, a series of forwardly extending links, and a series of key operated bell cranks connected by said links to said type bars, said bell cranks being of difierent sizes, the smaller ones being arranged at the middle of the system'and the larger ones at the sides of the system, and a series of key-actuated levers connected to said bell cranks at differexit-points in the lengths of said levers.

38. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of rearwardly striking pivoted type bars to a fixed portion of the machine, a series of forwardly extending links, a series of bell cranks pivoted beneath the type bars, said bell cranks'being of small size at the middle of the system'and increasing in size as the sides of the system are approached, and a system of key bearing levers extending rearwardlybeneath said bell nected'theretov at different points in the length of said levers.

39. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of rearwardly striking a series of hell cranks connected thereto, the bell cranks which operate the type bars at its rear portion an op-' erating arm formed integrally with one slde at their rear' cranks. and conlevers at different pivoted type bars and 1 the middle of the system being short and obtuse, and the other bell cranks being longer and more acute as the sides of the machine are approached.

4L0. In a front strike typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, a series of type bars arranged forwardly thereof and pivoted at their rear ends, a series of keys, and means for affording the keys different initial purchases upon the type bars, the type bars at the central portion of the system having the best initial key purchase, and the initial purchases of the other keys upon their type bars being gradually less as the sides of the machine are approached.

41. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a system of rearwardly striking type bars, of a system of key operated bell cranks connected to the type bars and arranged in different tiers, said bell cranks having forwardly extending arms and upwardly extending arms, the forwardly extending arms in one tier extending beneath those in another tier, and the upwardly extending arms in one tier extending in rear of those in another tier. I

42. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a system of rearwardly striking type bars, of a system of key operated bell cranks connected to the type bars and fulcrumed upon transverse rods which are arranged in different horizontal and vertical planes, each rod-carrying a tier of bell cranks.

- 43. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a system of rearwardly striking type bars, of a system of hell cranks connected to the type bars and fulcrnmcd upon transverse rods, one rod being arranged. in rear of and below another, and key hearing levers connected to said bell cranks.

44;. In a front strike writing machine, the combination of a series of renrwardly strikin type bars, fulcrum rods 46, bell cranks pivoted upon said fulcrum rods and connected to the type bars at the middle portion of the system, fulcrum rods (59 mounted at the sides of the machine, bell cranks pivoted thereon and connected to the type bars at the sides of the system, and key bearing levers connected to all of said bell cranks.

4-5. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series of rearwardly striking type bars, of a series of key bearing levers, a transversely arranged series of hell cranks arranged over said kcy bearing levers and connected to said type bars, said bell cranks having arms of various lengths, and ears projecting upwardly from said key points in thelengths thereof and engaged to the free ends of said bell crank arms.

4-6. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series of rcarwardly striking type bars, of a series of key bearing levers, a series of-bell cranks of different sizes pivoted in line transversely over said key bearing levers and. connected to said type bars, and ears projecting upwardly from said key levers at different distances from their fu crums and engaged to the bell cranks.

47. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a series of rearwardly strikingtype bars, of a series of key bearing levers, bell cranks arranged in different tiers over said key bearing levers and connected to Said type bars, and rows of ears projecting upwardly from the key bearing levers,

the ears in one row being-connected to the bell cranks in one tier, and the ears in an other row being connected to the bell cranks in another tier. l

48, 1 In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of groups of rearwardly strikin type bars, the bars and types in each group being arranged one behind another, a series of rearwardly extendingkey levers, a plurality of key lever fulcrum bars arranged one behind another, and bell cranks arranged some behind others between the key levers and type bars, the forward type bars being connected by forward bell cranks to key levers-pivoted upon the forward fulcrum barand terminating at the rear portion of the keyboard, and the rear type bars bein connected by the rear bell cranks to key l evers pivoted upon the rear fulcrum bar and terminating at the front portion of the keyboard.

49. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a series of groups of rearwardly striking type bars, the bars and types in each group being arranged one behind another, a series of rearwardly extending key levers, forward, rear and intermediate key lever fulcrum bars, and bell cranks arranged some behind others between the key levers and the type bars, the forward type bars being connected by forward bell cranks to key levers fulcrumed upon the forward fulcrum bar and terminating at the rear portion of the keyboard, the rear type bars bein connected by the rear bell cranks to key levers fulcrumed upon the rear fulcrum bar andterminating at the front portion of the keyboard, and the intermeiate type bars being connected by intermediate bell cranks to key levers fulcrumed upon the intermediate fulcrum bar and terminating at the middle portion of the keyboard.

50. In a front strike writing machine, the

' combination with a platen, of a group of type bars of equal length pivoted at their rear ends'and having operating arms arranged one behind .another and also having their types arranged in a line longitudinally of the group, a pluralityof key operated bell cranks, and connections from said bell cranks to said operating arms? 51. In a front strike writing machine, the combination with a platen, of a group of type bars of equal length pivoted at intervals in. a common hanger and having their types arranged in a single line longitudinally of the group, operating arms formed upon therearends of said typebars and arranged one behind another, a plurality of bell cranks connected to said operating arms, and key bearing levers connected to said bell cranks.

52. In a typewriting machine, the comthe group and arranged to be cut by a radial plane that contains the printing point.

54. In a typewriting machine, a group of independent type bars arranged side by side and having their types all arranged in a line one behind the other longitudinally of the group and arranged to be cut by a radial plane that contains the printing point, and each type being arranged at substantially the same distance from its pivot as'every other t 6'. 55. In a typewriting machine, a series of groups of type bars arranged in an 'rc and the center of which is the printing point each group consisting of a plurality of type bars situated side by side to swing in parallel planes and having their types arranged in line midway of the group and to be cut by a radial plane thatcontains the printing point.

56. In a'typewriting machine, a group of type bars of equal length having each a single type and the type of the various bars being all arranged in a line within the group and to swingin a plane radially of the printing point.

- 57. In a typewriting machine, a group of pivoted type bars of equal length and at their type ends bent towards each other and to a line midway of the group and each type bar having a type that is arranged along said median line.

5 8. In a typewriting machine, a radial group. of type bars the pivots of which are equidistant from the types and all of the types of the groups of bars being in the same radial plane from the printing point.

59. In a typewriting machine, a group of being arranged. one behind a radial plane point, and the the radial plane which bination of aim pivoted type bars, the pivotsof said type bars being arranged in an arc struck from the printing point as a Center and the types the other at s from the pivots and cut by passing through the printing same radial plane cutting the plvots and types. c

60. In a typewriting machine, a group of pivoted type bars, the pivots of said type equal distance bars being arranged in an arc struck from the printing point as a center and the types being arranged one behind the other at equal distances from the pivots and arranged to be cut by a radial plane passing through the printing point, and the pivots being at right angles to the-bars and being cut by cuts the types.

61; In a front strike typewriting machine, substantially segmentally arranged rearwardly striking type-bars, the types on all of said bars being arranged in planes that radiate from the printing point and types on the ditl'erent bars being cut by a single radial plane.

'62. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, and pivoted type-bars which have their pivots situated in a plurality of planes extending transverse of the machine and which likewise have their types situated in a plurality of transverse planes, all of the types on different bars extending in rows that are in planes which radiate from the printing point.

63. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, pivoted type-bars which have their pivots. arranged in a plurality of parallelplanes that extend transversely of the machine and which have their types arranged in a plurality of parallel planes that extend transversely of the machine, and

types on different bars extending in rows fore and aft of the machine.

64. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a platen, and rearwardly striking pivoted type-bars which have their pivots arranged in a'plurality of vertical parallel planes that extend transversely of the machine and which have their types arranged in a plurality of vertical parallel planes that extend transversely of the machine, the planesin which the type-bar pivots are situat'ed being equal in numbers to the planes in which the types are situated, and the types extending in parallel rov's fore and aft of the machine.

65. In a typewriting machine, the coma carriage, carriage mechanism, printing instrumentalities, key levers having different angular movements, and a universal bar, with which said key levers contact at ditferent points transversely thereof, the different key levers bein arranged to take up the universal bar uni ormly.

66. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, carriage feed mech anism, printing instrtunentalities, key levers.

t therefor, a universal bar with which said key levers cooperate, and projections between the key levers and universal bar and forming the operative connection between them, said projections being located at ditlerent distances fore and aft of the machine, the dilterent key levers being arranged to take up the universal bar uniformly.

6!. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapeinent mechanism, a series of types, a series of pivoted levers for operating said types, a universal bar connected to said escapenlent mechanism, and projections upon said levers for engaging said universal bar, said projections being arranged at ditt'erent points longitudinally of the lever system, so asto impart equal movements to said universal bar.

Go. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, an escapement mechanism, a series of types, a series of levers for operating said types, said levers being pivoted at ditferent points longitudmally of the lever system, a universal bar connected to said escapement mechanism, and projections upon said levers for engaging said universal bar, said projections being arranged at ditl'erent points longitudinally of the lever system, so as to-impart equal movements to said universal bar.

69. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, carriage teed mechanism, printing instrumentalities, ke I levers therefor, said key levers having dilt'erent angular movements, the finger keys of said levers being arranged in banks and the levers of different banks being pivoted at dili'erent points fore and aft of the machine, and a universal bar with which the dill'erent key levers contact, the points of contact between the universal bar and the dili'erent key levers being at different distances from the front f the machine, the points of contact of the entire set of key levers being arranged to take up the universal bar uniformly.

70. In atypewriting machine, thecombination of a carriage, feed mechanism therefor, printing instrumentalities, a vertically movable universal bar, means for guiding the universal bar, and key levers fulcrunied at their ends and operatively connected intermediate of their ends with said printing instrumentalities, and contacting with the universal bar, the points of contact between the universal bar and the ditl'erent key levers being at difl'erent distances from the'front of the machine and between the fulcrums of the key levers and the points where they are operatively connected with the printing instrumentalities.

71. In a typewriting machine, the combination of'a carriage, feed mechanism therefor, key levers pivoted at difi'erent points fore and aftof the machine, printing instrumentalities which are operatively connected to said key levers at difierent points in theirbars, the pivots for each group of type bars being situated one behind the other and lying in an arc that extends fore and aft of the machine and whose center is the printing point and whose radius is equal to the length of a type bar from pivot to type.

73. Ina front-strike typewritingima'chine', the combination of a platen, a series of groups of upwardly and rearwardly striking type bars, the pivots for each group of type bars being situated one behind the other in different planes fore and aft of themachine and lying in an arc thatextends fore andaft of'the machine and whose center is the printing point andwhose radius isequal to the length of a type bar from pivot to type.

74. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a carriage, carriage feed devices, key actuated devices having different angular movements, and a universal bar with which said key actuated devices contact at difierent bar.

75. In a typewriting machine, the combination with a carriage and feed mechanism therefor, of a series of finger keys, levers actuated by said keys,'the levers having clifferent angular movements, a universal bar points widthwise of the universal actuated by said levers, and means for equalizing the movements imparted to the universal bar by the different levers and'for causing the movement of the universal bar to be started with a uniform extent of depression of the different keys.

76. In a ty'pewriting machine, the combination with a carriage and feed mechanism therefor, of key actuated levers having different angular movements, and a universal bar that is actuated by said key actuated levers, the contact between the universal bar and key actuated levers being at ,difi'erent points widthwise of the-universal .bar and at difi'erent points from the front of the machine, 4

' Signed at borough of Manhattan, city of New York, inthe. county of New York'and State of New York, this29th day of J armary, A. D. 1901.

LEE S. BURRIDGE. Witnessesz.

K. V. DONOVAN, E. M. WELLs. 

